Berun A. Abdalla ORCID iD 0000-0001-5638-4128

Department of Scientific Affairs, Smart Hospital, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.
Kscien Organization for Scientific Research (Middle East Office), Azadi Mall, Hamdi Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq.
Kscien Organization for Scientific Research (Middle East Office), Hamdi Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Department of Scientific Affairs, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Department of Biology, College of Education, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
College of Education, Department of Biology, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Biology Department, College of Education, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
Department of Biology, College of Education, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq
Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq
Department of Biology, College of Education, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq
Smart Health Tower, Scientific Affairs Department, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq
Kscien Organization for Scientific Research (Middle East office), Hamid Str, Azadi Mall, Sulaimani, Kurdstan, Iraq
Smart Health Tower, Madam Mittrand, Sulaimani, Kurdistan, Iraq

Articles: 61
Published: 2023–2026
Corresponding: 6
Reads: 127,197
Downloads: 47,921
Citations: 241

Reads are the journal’s own count. Downloads are the journal’s own count on 8 November 2026. Citations are Crossref’s count on 8 November 2026.

Publishes with

Fahmi H. Kakamad — 52 articles together Shvan H. Mohammed — 33 articles together Abdulwahid M. Salih — 24 articles together Marwan N Hassan — 21 articles together Hiwa O. Abdullah — 20 articles together Suhaib H. Kakamad — 19 articles together Fakher Abdullah — 16 articles together Hawbash M. Rahim — 15 articles together Yousif M. Mahmood — 15 articles together Sasan M. Ahmed — 13 articles together Rawezh Qadir M. Salih — 11 articles together Abdullah K. Ghafour — 9 articles together

and 417 others across 61 articles

Articles61

Resistance Patterns of Gram-Negative Bacteria and Surgical Site Infections Across the Middle East: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Meer Kamal, Mohammad Al-Tamimi, Ayman D. Alsheikh, Imdat Kilbas, Khaled M. Aboshanab, Muhammad Yasir, Mutasim E. Ibrahim, Shnya R. Hamalaw and 6 more

Introduction Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a leading healthcare-associated infection, driven by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Regional data from the Middle East remain limited. This meta-analysis aimed to estimate pooled antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of Gram-negative isolates (GNI)…

2026 158 reads 0 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v4i2.245

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Safety and Efficacy of Atezolizumab in Ovarian Cancer

Rebaz M. Ali, Sami S. Omar, Shano M. Ali, Shvan H. Mohammed, Karokh K. Mohammed, Mohammed Q. Mustafa, Yousif M. Mahmood, Suhaib H. Kakamad and 8 more

Introduction Although the efficacy of PD-L1 blockade has been evaluated in analyses that combine pharmacologically distinct antibodies, the specific efficacy and safety of atezolizumab remain unclear. This review aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety profile of atezolizumab specifically. Methods PubMed/MEDLINE and…

2026 463 reads 0 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v4i2.238

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Non-Recommended Publishing Lists: Strategies for Detecting Deceitful Journals

Fahmi H. Kakamad, Shvan H. Mohammed, Berun A. Abdalla, Dahat A. Hussein, Zuhair D. Hammood, Suhaib H. Kakamad, Diyar A. Omar, Kayhan A. Najar and 6 more

The rapid growth of open access publishing (OAP) has significantly improved the accessibility and dissemination of scientific knowledge. However, this expansion has also contributed to the emergence of non-recommended journals (NRJs) and non-recommended publishers (NRPs) that exploit researchers by offering rapid…

2026 2,535 reads 17 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v4i1.227

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Small Cell Lung Cancer and Tarlatamab: A Meta-Analysis of Clinical Trials

Rebaz M. Ali, Karukh K. Mohammed, Sasan M. Ahmed, Kayhan A. Najar, Mohammed Q. Mustafa, Zanyar K. Hama, Shadan A. Hamad, Maria A. Rasool and 4 more

Introduction Tarlatamab is a Delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3) -directed bispecific T-cell engager recently approved for use in patients with advanced small cell lung cancer (SCLC) after progression on platinum-based therapy. This meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of tarlatamab as monotherapy and in combination…

2025 5,636 reads 1 citation

doi:10.58742/bmj.v4i1.216

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Divergent Conceptualizations and Management Strategies for Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: A Qualitative Multispecialty Study

Fahmi H. Kakamad, Saywan K. Asaad, Abdullah K. Ghafour, Azad Star Hattam, Lawand Ahmed Sharif, Hiwa S. Namiq, Rzgar H. Abdul, Zana Omar kak Abdullah and 8 more

Background Neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome (nTOS) is the most prevalent subtype of thoracic outlet syndrome and remains one of the most controversial conditions in peripheral nerve and thoracic disorders. Despite widespread recognition of conservative therapy as initial management, substantial variation exists…

2025 610 reads 0 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v4i1.215

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Suffering of Patients with Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS); The First Qualitative study in TOS

Fahmi H. Kakamad, Shvan H. Mohammed, Berun A. Abdalla, Saywan K. Asaad, Abdullah K. Ghafour, Nsren S. Sabr, Yadgar N. Abbas, Lawen J. Mustafa and 7 more

Background Diagnosis of neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome (nTOS) is hindered by symptom overlap with cervical radiculopathy, carpal tunnel syndrome, or psychosomatic disorders. This challenge is further compounded by often normal imaging and electrodiagnostic findings, resulting in prolonged diagnostic suffering…

2025 1,411 reads 0 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v4i1.214

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Defining the Scientist: A Consensus-Based Approach

João Gama, Marko Mladineo, Shelina Bhamani, Behzad Shahmoradi, Victoria Samanidou, Alexander S. Novikov, Berun A. Abdalla, Shvan H. Mohammed and 30 more

Introduction The term “scientist” lacks a universally accepted definition, reflecting the evolving, interdisciplinary nature of scientific work and posing challenges for recognition, communication, and policy. This study aims to develop consensus-based definitions of the term “scientist” by engaging experienced…

2025 6,415 reads 0 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v3i3.192

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Presentation and Management of Cervical Thoracic Duct Cyst: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Fahmi H. Kakamad, Dilan S. Hiwa, Aland S. Abdullah, Hiwa O. Baba, Aso S. Muhialdeen, Sarwat T. San Ahmed, Mariwan L. Fatah, Rezheen J. Rashid and 2 more

Introduction Thoracic duct cysts are an uncommon phenomenon, especially within the cervical region. Due to its limited reported cases, very little is known about its etiology, presentation, and management. This systematic review is conducted to shed light on the ways the cyst presents and the outcomes of different…

2025 1,385 reads 1 citation

doi:10.58742/bmj.v3i3.189

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Chest Wall Hydatid Cysts: A Systematic Review

Fahmi H. Kakamad, Harem K. Ahmed, Ali H. Hasan, Ahmed H. Ahmed, Ayoob A. Mohammed, Dindar H. Hama, Hiwa O. Abdullah, Sasan M. Ahmed and 5 more

Introduction Given the rarity of chest wall hydatid disease, information on this condition is primarily drawn from case reports. Hence, this study systematically reviews the disease's manifestation and management. Methods Google Scholar was searched with the following keywords: (hydatid OR hydatidosis OR tapeworms OR…

2025 994 reads 1 citation

doi:10.58742/bmj.v3i3.185

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Are Cervical Ribs Indicators of Childhood Cancer? A Narrative Review

Fahmi H. Kakamad, Lawand Ahmed Sharif, Ahmed H. Ahmed, Sakar O. Arif, Omed M. Hussein, Azad S. Hattam, Lawen J. Mustafa, Hiwa S. Namiq and 7 more

A cervical rib (CR), also known as a supernumerary or extra rib, is an additional rib that forms above the first rib, resulting from the overgrowth of the transverse process of a cervical vertebra. Increasingly recognized as a potential marker of developmental disruptions and genetic instability, CRs are believed to…

2025 1,758 reads 0 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v3i3.184

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Management of Lower Limb Varicose Veins Using Endovenous Laser Ablation, Micro-Phlebectomy, and Sclerotherapy Using Multimodal Analgesia

Fahmi H. Kakamad, Fuad E. Fuad, Soran H. Tahir, Ayoob A. Mohammed, Rezheen J. Rashid, Hiwa O. Abdullah, Dana H. Mohammed Saeed, Kanaw A. Salih and 9 more

Introduction Previously, the conventional surgical procedure of high-ligation and saphenous stripping was commonly used to treat varicose veins (VVs). However, contemporary advancements have led to the rapid evolution of VV management. This study shares a single center's experience in treating patients with lower limb…

2025 2,828 reads 0 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v3i3.193

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The Hidden Problem of Cross-Reactivity: Challenges in HIV Testing During the COVID-19 Era: A Systematic Review

Berun A. Abdalla, Meer M. Abdulkarim, Shvan H. Mohammed, Rewas Ali Azeez, Talar Sabir Hameed, Nigar Hassan Mohammed, Rawezh Q. Salih, Dahat A. Hussein and 6 more

Introduction Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) surface glycoproteins, including shared epitope motifs, show similarities. This may lead to false-positive HIV results due to cross-reactivity between the two viruses. This study presents a systematic review…

2025 5,183 reads 0 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v3i2.160

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Differential Diagnosis of Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: A Review

Fahmi H. Kakamad, Saywan K. Asaad, Abdullah K. Ghafour, Nsren S. Sabr, Hiwa S. Namiq, Lawen J. Mustafa, Azad S. Hattam, Soran H. Tahir and 8 more

Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a complex and often overlooked condition caused by the compression of neurovascular structures as they pass through the thoracic outlet. This compression can result in pain, numbness, tingling, muscle weakness, and vascular complications, with severe cases leading to thrombosis or…

2025 16,844 reads 3 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v3i2.161

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Tracing Hematological Shifts in Pregnancy: How Anemia and Thrombocytopenia Evolve Across Trimesters

Dana O. Kareem, Ahmed MS. Amin, Ayman M. Mustafa, Akam K. Qadir, Meer N. Ahmed, Soma N. Omer, Hevin B. Jabbar, Rawezh Q. Salih and 4 more

Introduction Given pregnancy's significant impact on hematological parameters, monitoring these changes across trimesters is crucial. This study aims to evaluate hematological profiles in pregnant women, primarily focusing on the prevalence of anemia and thrombocytopenia throughout the different trimesters. Methods…

2025 1,645 reads 0 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v3i2.171

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Microwave Ablation with or Without Chemotherapy in Management of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review

Fahmi H. Kakamad, Rebaz M. Ali, Soran H. Tahir, Ameer M. Salih, Berun A. Abdalla, Lana RA. Pshtiwan, Aras J. Qaradakhy, Harem K. Ahmed and 5 more

Introduction Microwave ablation (MWA) has emerged as a minimally invasive treatment for patients with inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, whether it is more effective as a standalone treatment or in combination with chemotherapy warrants further investigation. This systematic review assesses the…

2024 1,562 reads 0 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v2i4.147

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Breast Carcinoma within Fibroadenoma: A Systematic Review

Abdulwahid M. Salih, Lana R.A. Pshtiwan, Mohammed Gh. Hamasaeed, Sami S. Omar, Shaban Latif, Shadi H. Sidiq, Bushra O. Hussein, Hunar A. Hassan and 9 more

Introduction Fibroadenoma is the most common benign breast lesion; however, it carries a potential risk of malignant transformation. This systematic review provides an overview of the presentation, management, and outcome of carcinomas arising within fibroadenomas. Methods A systematic search on Google Scholar was…

2024 5,542 reads 4 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v2i4.144

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Evolution of Antimicrobial Resistance in Community vs. Hospital-Acquired Infections

Ayman M. Mustafa, Rawezh Q. Salih, Hidayat A. Yaseen, Wafa A. Hamadameen, Suhaib H. Kakamad, Fakher Abdullah, Karokh K. Mohammed, Dyari Q. Hamad and 7 more

Introduction Hospitals are high-risk environments for infections. Despite the global recognition of these pathogens, few studies compare microorganisms from community-acquired and hospital-acquired infections (HAIs). This study compares these microorganisms and explores their relationship with patients' comorbidities…

2024 3,741 reads 4 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v2i4.138

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Revisiting Pulmonary Sporotrichosis: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of an Overlooked Fungal Infection

Fahmi H. Kakamad, Harem K. Ahmed, Hadi Mohammed Abdullah, Bnar J. Hama Amin, Fattah H. Fattah, Khanda A. Anwar, Hemin S. Mohammed, Fakher Abdullah and 6 more

Introduction Pulmonary sporotrichosis (PST) is a rare and neglected but severe disease. Its optimal management remains challenging, as recommendations are primarily derived from case reports. This study summarizes PST patients' presentation, diagnosis, management, and outcome. Methods Studies were identified through a…

2024 1,022 reads 0 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v2i3.120

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Cushing's Syndrome and Topical Corticosteroids in Pediatrics: A Systematic Review

Berun A. Abdalla, Honar O. Kareem, Bilal A. Mohammed, Karzan M. Hasan, Soran M. Ahmed, Khdir Hussein Hamad Khoshnaw, Wirya N. Sabr, Ronak S. Ahmed and 6 more

Introduction Despite the increasing number of pediatric cases of iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome (CS) due to topical corticosteroids, systematic reviews are lacking to provide comprehensive insights into the disease. This study aims to provide a systematic overview of the disease. Methods Relevant literature was…

2024 1,553 reads 2 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v2i3.104

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Evolving Pattern of Human Cystic Echinococcosis: A Cross-Sectional Study

Ayman M. Mustafa, Yousif M. Mahmood, Fakher Abdullah, Suhaib H. Kakamad, Hemn H. Kaka Ali, Azad Star Hattam, Abdullah K. Ghafour, Saywan K. Asaad and 8 more

Introduction Cystic echinococcosis (CE) poses a considerable public health challenge in many countries. Due to the absence of comprehensive CE surveillance and management guidelines and varying demographic and geographical factors across countries, examining the disease's epidemiology and clinical manifestations…

2024 1,200 reads 2 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v2i3.119

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Global Framework for Scientific Event: A 32-Country & 118-Expert Collaborative Effort

Fahmi H. Kakamad, Fattah H. Fattah, Abdulwahid M. Salih, Berun A. Abdalla, Shvan H. Mohammed, Walid R. Rashed, Adam C. Naj, Radoslaw Spiewak and 110 more

Introduction Despite numerous efforts to define and categorize scientific events, a consensus remains elusive, complicating the understanding and classification of such events. The current study aims to establish clear, consensus-based definitions for various types of scientific events by examining their definitions…

2024 1,949 reads 0 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v2i3.118

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Changing Face of Antimicrobial Resistance: A Cross-Sectional Study

Rawezh Salih, Berun A. Abdalla, Ayman M. Mustafa, Khanda A. Anwar, Abdullah Dler Ahmad, Wafa A. Hamadameen, Hidayat Anwar yaseen, Hawnaz S. Abdullah and 7 more

Introduction Infections of sterile body fluids are significant contributors to mortality and morbidity. Accurate species-level identification and understanding of the antimicrobial resistance profiles are crucial for selecting appropriate antimicrobials for empirical and targeted therapy. This study aims to examine…

2024 835 reads 2 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v2i3.117

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Role of Inflammatory Markers in Severity, ICU Admission, and Mortality in COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of 79,934 Patients

Hiwa O. Abdullah, Sadraldin A. Braim, Maria A. Rasool, Dashne M. Abdalla, Dyari Q. Hamad, Daban K. Ahmad, Ayman M. Mustafa, Fakher Abdullah and 7 more

Introduction Despite extensive investigations into the roles of inflammatory biomarkers in the prognosis of COVID-19 through systematic reviews and meta-analyses, they are limited by small sample sizes and focus on a specific marker. This meta-analysis investigated the role of 11 inflammatory biomarkers in severity…

2024 2,310 reads 2 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v2i2.96

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Effect of Sunitinib in the Management of Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials

Rebaz M. Ali, Sami S. Omar, Fahmi H. kakamad, Harem K. Ahmed, Diyar A. Omar, Yousif M. Mahmood, Mohammed Q. Mustafa, Aland S. Abdullah and 7 more

Introduction Lung cancer is the most common cancer in terms of both incidence and mortality. Although usually managed with surgery, novel immunotherapies are gradually becoming more popular. The effect of sunitinib with and without erlotinib in the management of lung cancer is reviewed. Methods Eligible search engines…

2024 1,081 reads 1 citation

doi:10.58742/bmj.v2i2.95

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Thyroid Collision Tumors: A Systematic Review

Ari M. Abdullah, Aras J. Qaradakhy, Rawa M. Ali, Rebaz M. Ali, Yousif M. Mahmood, Sami S. Omar, Hawkar A. Nasralla, Aso S. Muhialdeen and 7 more

Introduction Collision tumors in the thyroid gland are exceedingly uncommon, comprising approximately 1.0% of all thyroid malignancies. This study aims to systematically review the presentation and management of collision tumors of the thyroid gland. Methods A systematic review of published studies on thyroid…

2024 1,422 reads 7 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v2i2.94

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Efficacy of Sorafenib in the Management of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review

Rebaz M. Ali, Sami S. Omar, Fahmi H. Kakamad, Diyar A. Omar, Yousif M. Mahmood, Mohammed Q. Mustafa, Aland S. Abdullah, Marwan N. Hassan and 4 more

Introduction The current standard treatment approach for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is surgery. Recently, targeted therapy has emerged as a promising new treatment option. In this systematic review, the efficacy of sorafenib, when given alone or combined with erlotinib, in managing NSCLC is reviewed. Methods…

2024 798 reads 1 citation

doi:10.58742/bmj.v2i2.92

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Predatory Publishing Lists: A Review on the Ongoing Battle Against Fraudulent Actions

Hiwa O. Abdullah, Berun A. Abdalla, Fahmi H. Kakamad, Jafaar O. Ahmed, Hiwa O. Baba, Marwan N. Hassan, Rawa Bapir, Hawbash M. Rahim and 13 more

Predatory journals challenge the scholarly community by muddling the boundary between legitimate and dubious publishing practices. Despite the awareness of predatory publishers, there are no globally accepted criteria for identifying them. Various warning lists have emerged as predatory practices evolve, but they are…

2024 4,174 reads 48 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v2i2.91

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CaReL Guidelines: A Consensus-Based Guideline on Case Reports and Literature Review (CaReL)

Sakshi Prasad, Mahmoud Nassar, Ahmed Y. Azzam, Francisco García-Muro-San José, Mahnaz Jamee, Rim Kasem Ali Sliman, Giuseppe Evola, Ayman M. Mustafa and 49 more

Introduction Clinical case reports enrich medical literature by presenting rare medical issues. However, case reports that do not adhere to a standard template often lack rigor and limit their usefulness in clinical guidance. Several guidelines for reporting case reports have been structured, while further…

2024 11,743 reads 34 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v2i2.89

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Bilateral Giant Pulmonary Hydatid Cysts in a Pediatric Patient: A Rare Case Report

Wirya N. Sabr, Azad Star Hattam, Karzan M. Hasan, Honar Othman Kareem, Harem K. Ahmed, Suhaib H. Kakamad, Fahmi H. Kakamad, Berun A. Abdalla

Introduction Pulmonary hydatid cysts, resulting from the Echinococcus tapeworm larva, primarily affect the lungs. The global incidence is elevated in regions with prevalent livestock farming due to the ingestion of Echinococcus eggs. Bilateral involvement is an infrequent presentation, carrying inherent respiratory…

2024 824 reads 2 citations

doi:10.58742/beb68v43

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Presentation and Management of Thyroid Hydatid Cyst: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of the Literature

Abdullah A. Qadir, Ismael Y. Abdullah, Muhammed Bag A. Ali, Rebaz O. Mohammed, Hardi M. Dhair, Yadgar A. Saeed, Aso S. Muhialdeen, Honar Othman Kareem and 8 more

Introduction Hydatid cysts of the thyroid gland, though rare, pose a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. This systematic review summarizes current knowledge on the presentation, diagnosis, and management. Methods A systematic review of the published studies of thyroid hydatid cysts was conducted. The included…

2024 1,095 reads 2 citations

doi:10.58742/mp68zz49

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Breastfeeding Impact on Cancer in Women: A Systematic Review

Aland S. Abdullah, Halkawt O. Ali, Huda M. Muhammad, Lana RA. Pshtiwan, Rebaz M. Ali, Nahida Hama Ameen Ahmed, Snur Othman, Karzan M. Hasan and 4 more

Introduction Many studies have emphasized the impact of breastfeeding on the health of both the mother and the infant, especially its impact on the different types of cancers that can develop in the mother. Due to the ongoing conflict regarding whether or not breastfeeding reduces, increases, or has no impact on the…

2024 1,575 reads 0 citations

doi:10.58742/2xcsfx91

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Presentation and Management of Porocarcinoma: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of More Than One Thousand Patients

Aland S. Abdullah, Suhaib H. Kakamad, Fakher Abdullah, Yousif M. Mahmood, Gona M. Fatah, Imad J. Habibullah, Ronak S. Ahmed, Rebaz H. Ali and 5 more

Introduction Porocarcinoma is an aggressive cutaneous carcinoma arising from the intraepidermal component of the sweat glands. Given its uncommon nature, only a limited number of studies have addressed this issue. This study summarizes the different presentations and management of the disease. Methods The eligible…

2024 2,733 reads 2 citations

doi:10.58742/7xjek960

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Post COVID-19 Pulmonary Fibrosis Management: A Systematic Review

Hamdi Yahya Al Turkey, Aland S. Abdullah, Harem K. Ahmed, Bnar J. Hama Amin, Yousif M. Mahmood, Suhaib H. Kakamad, Aso N. Qadir, Hemin S. Mohammed and 6 more

Introduction Post-COVID-19 Pulmonary Fibrosis (PC-19-PF) is among the complications following COVID-19. It is the complication that is associated with the most amount of long-term impact on the respiratory system. Different physicians approach management in different ways; therefore, we conduct a study to neatly…

2024 1,480 reads 0 citations

doi:10.58742/cgrahg12

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COVID-19 Ocular Manifestation: A Cross-Sectional Study

Hussein Ali Ramadhan, Abdullah A. Qadir, Roza E. Mirdan, Harem K. Ahmed, Imad J. Habibullah, Karukh K. Mohammed, Berun A. Abdalla, Fahmi H. Kakamad and 3 more

Introduction The world is infected with a new strain of the coronavirus family known as COVID-19. This virus strain attacked several organs in the human body, causing symptoms ranging from mild to severe and, in some cases, life-threatening. Multiple organs, including the eye, can get infected. Methods The study was a…

2024 748 reads 0 citations

doi:10.58742/4thbhe26

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Recurrent Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (TOS): A Systematic Review of the Literature

Fahmi H. Kakamad, Saywan K. Asaad, Abdullah K. Ghafour, Nsren S. Sabr, Soran H. Tahir, Belan M. Radha, Rezheen J. Rashid, Choman S. Omer and 5 more

Abstract Introduction Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a set of symptoms that arise when neurovascular bundles are compressed in the course of passage through three spaces: the costoclavicular junction, the scalene triangle, and the pectoralis minor space. This study aims to review the literature regarding the proper…

2023 1,242 reads 3 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v1i2.45

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Role of Durvalumab (Anti-PD-L1) in the Management of Mesothelioma: A Systematic Review of the Current Literature

Sami S. Omar, Rebaz Haji Ali, Shalaw H. Abdullah, Dlsoz M. Hussein, Belan Mikaeil M. Radha, Alaa B. Latif, Shano M. Ali, Dilan S. Hiwa and 11 more

Abstract Introduction Mesothelioma is a rare and rapidly advancing tumor that usually emerges on the mesothelial surfaces of the pleura or peritoneum. Despite being a well-recognized rare disease for decades, the only approved primary treatment protocol has been platinum-based treatments plus pemetrexed, whether or…

2023 854 reads 1 citation

doi:10.58742/peq00z60

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The Role of Lumbar Sympathectomy in the Management of Buerger's Disease: A Systematic Review

Helin Hussein, Luqman M. Ali Hassan, Piwand Abdulkarim, Suhaib H. Kakamad, Abdullah K. Ghafour, Imad J. Habibullah, Muhammed Bag A. Ali, Dlshad Hamasaeed Ahmed and 7 more

Abstract Introduction Lumbar sympathectomy has been explored to manage Buerger's disease (BD) with varying success rates, but the results are often controversial. Despite the substantial morbidity associated with BD, there is a scarcity of comprehensive reviews on the topic. The current study is a systematic review of…

2023 2,457 reads 0 citations

doi:10.58742/0dfzxe04

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Role of ChatGPT and Google Bard in the Diagnosis of Psychiatric Disorders: A Comparative Study

Yadgar N. Abbas, Yousif M. Mahmood, Hemn A. Hassan, Dyari Qadir Hamad, Sabah Jalal Hasan, Diyar A. Omer, Suhaib H. Kakamad, Hussein M. HamaSalih and 6 more

Introduction The incorporation of artificial intelligence (AI) in the medical decision-making matrix has captured interest across diverse medical domains. This study aimed to juxtapose the decision-making patterns of humans and artificial intelligence regarding psychiatric disorders. Methods A set of case stories…

2023 1,247 reads 5 citations

doi:10.58742/4vd6h741

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Artificial Intelligence in Medicine: A Comparative Study of ChatGPT and Google Bard in Clinical Diagnostics

Aso S. Muhialdeen, Shorsh A. Mohammed, Nahida Hama Ameen Ahmed, Shaho F. Ahmed, Wriya N. Hassan, Hoshmand R. Asaad, Dana T. Gharib, Huda M. Muhammad and 13 more

Introduction The introduction of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools like ChatGPT and Google Bard promises transformative advances in clinical diagnostics. The aim of this study is to examine the ability of these two AI tools to diagnose various medical scenarios. Methods Experts from varied medical domains curated 20…

2023 1,062 reads 5 citations

doi:10.58742/pry94q89

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Comparative Analysis of ChatGPT and Human Decision-Making in Thyroid and Neck Swellings: A Case-Based Study

Zardasht Mahmud Ahamed, Hardi Mohammed Dhahir, Miran Mawlood Mohammed, Rebaz Haji Ali, Shko H. Hassan, Aso S. Muhialdeen, Yadgar Abdulhameed Saeed, Mariwan L. Fatah and 9 more

Introduction This study aimed to evaluate the performance of Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT), an AI-powered chatbot, in providing treatment recommendations for head and neck nodules. Methods Ten diverse cases were examined, including individuals with varying ages and conditions such as thyroid…

2023 977 reads 3 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v1i2.43

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Pituitary Stalk Interruption Syndrome in a Child: A Rare Case Report with Literature Review

Honar O. Kareem, Bilal A. Mohammed, Karzan M. Hasan, Shaho F. Ahmed, Fahmi H. Kakamad, Hawbash M. Rahim, Berun A. Abdalla, Shvan H. Mohammed

Introduction Pituitary stalk interruption syndrome is an exceedingly rare congenital abnormality affecting the pituitary gland that is still not fully understood. This study presents a 7-year-old child with the disease. Case presentation A 7-year-old male child was presented with short stature, school performance…

2023 649 reads 0 citations

doi:10.58742/dnfpv854

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Pulmonary Sequestration and Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation (CPAM) 1 Presented as A Left Suprarenal Mass:ACase Report

Wirya N. Sabr, Rawa M. Ali, Ali H. Hasan, Hadeel A. Yasseen, Dlsoz M. Hussein, Zana B. Najmadden, Fahmi H. Kakamad, Berun A. Abdalla and 2 more

Introduction Pulmonary sequestration is a rare condition accounting for 0.1% to 6% of all congenital lung malformations. The correlation with Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformation (CPAM) type 1 has not been adequately elucidated. Case presentation From routine fetal sonographic screening, a 20-day-old female baby's…

2023 549 reads 0 citations

doi:10.58742/3jagbg31

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Adult-Onset Bartter Syndrome: A Case Report

Soran Mohammed Gharib, Swara Ali Mawlud, Shaho F. Ahmed, Zana B. Najmadden, Aland Salih Abdullah, Dana T. Gharib, Hoshmad R. Asaad, Berun A. Abdalla and 1 more

Introduction Bartter syndrome is a rare genetically inherited salt-wasting disorder that is typically seen in children and neonates with association to many morbidities. We present a case of Bartter syndrome in an adult who showed excellent response to treatment. Case presentation The patient was a 23-year-old male…

2023 801 reads 0 citations

doi:10.58742/zr0j8145

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Self-Induced Pneumoparotid as a Result of Covering Mouth While Coughing: A Case Report

Abdulwahid M. Salih, Shko H. Hassan, Rezheen J. Rashid, Zanyar A. Mohammed, Ahmed L. Ali, Ahmad H. Awakhti, Marwan N. Hassan, Berun A. Abdalla and 1 more

Introduction Pneumoparotid is a rare condition characterized by the presence of air in the parotid gland, usually caused by the retrograde flow of air through the parotid duct. This report presents a rare occurrence of self-induced pneumoparotid. Case presentation A-41-year-old female presented with a recurrent…

2023 708 reads 0 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v1i2.44

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Role of Ultrasound in Diagnosis of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: A Review Article

Nsren Sharef Sabr, Fakher Abdullah, Hiwa Shafiq Namiq, Nashaddin A. Mohammed, Zardasht Mahmud Ahamed, Abdullah K. Ghafour, Saywan Kakarash Asaad, Fahmi H. Kakamad and 7 more

Neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome (nTOS), characterized by brachial plexus compression within the thoracic outlet, poses diagnostic challenges due to its variable symptoms and lack of standardized criteria. Ultrasound has emerged as a valuable diagnostic tool, offering dynamic imaging, high-resolution visualization…

2023 1,431 reads 1 citation

doi:10.58742/bmj.v1i2.47

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Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes (Maternal, Fetal, and Neonatal) in COVID-19: A Review

Huda M. Muhammad, Nahida HA. Ahmed, Gasha S. Ahmed, Fahmi H. Kakamad, Sabah J. Hasan, Berun A. Abdalla, Shvan H. Mohammed, Snur Othman and 4 more

Pregnant women represent a vulnerable population due to their altered immune response, potentially leading to increased susceptibility and severity of infections. The COVID-19 infection might increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes in this population, however, to date, it has not been established whether…

2023 1,834 reads 2 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v1i2.41

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Pembrolizumab (Anti-PD-1) Immunotherapy in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma: A Systematic Review of the Current Literature

Rebaz M. Ali, Fahmi H. Kakamad, Hiwa O. Abdullah, Shalaw H. Abdulla, Shaho F. Ahmed, Bnar J. Hama Amin, Marwan N. Hassan, Sabah J. Hasan and 4 more

Introduction Malignant pleural mesothelioma is an infrequent and aggressive type of cancer that is difficult to treat, and standard therapies have shown limited effectiveness. There have been recent advances in the development of targeted therapies for malignant pleural mesothelioma, including immunotherapy with…

2023 1,383 reads 4 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v1i2.34

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ChatGPT Insight and Opinion Regarding the Controversies in Neurogenic Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: A Case-Based Study

Ameer M. Salih, Nashaddin A. Mohammed, Yousif M. Mahmood, Sabah J. Hassan, Hiwa S. Namiq, Abdullah K. Ghafour, Saywan K. Asaad, Suhaib H. Kakamad and 7 more

Introduction There are several controversies regarding thoracic outlet syndrome. This manuscript evaluates the utility of ChatGPT in providing insights into the controversies surrounding neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome (nTOS). Methods The following questions were chatted with ChatGPT based on OpenAI's GPT-4…

2023 1,014 reads 5 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v1i2.48

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Aortic Root Enlargement During Redo Aortic Valve Replacement for Prosthetic Aortic Valve Dysfunction: A Case Report

Saif S. Almodhaffer, Okba F. Ahmed, Zaid A. Zaid, Fahmi H. Kakamad, Dana H. Mohammed-Saeed, Berun A. Abdalla, Marwan N. Hassan, Shvan H. Mohammed

Introduction A variety of procedures for enlarging the aortic root have been described. The aim of the current study is to report a case of Redo aortic valve replacement that underwent Aortic root enlargement using a novel method. Case presentation A 32-year-old female with a history of severely stenotic aortic valve…

2023 705 reads 0 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v1i2.24

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The Role of G1/S Phase Cyclins in Colorectal Cancer: A Review

Hawbash M. Rahim, Omer Ates, Fahmi H. Kakamad, Marwan N. Hassan, Berun A. Abdalla, Hiwa O. Abdullah, Shvan H. Mohammed, Rawezh Q. Salih and 1 more

Colorectal cancer is a highly prevalent cancer with a high mortality rate. Although the colorectal carcinogenesis mechanism is not fully understood yet, it has been proven that most cancers result from the accumulation of genetic mutations, mostly in the genes responsible for cell cycle regulation, leading to…

2023 752 reads 0 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v1i2.31

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Cardiopulmonary Complications Following COVID-19 Vaccinations: A Systematic Review

Bnar J. Hama Amin, Dana H. Mohammed Saeed, Hadi Mohammed Abdullah, Zana H. Mahmood, Karokh Fadhil Hamahussein, Hussein M. Hamasalih, Sabah Jalal Hasan, Sanaa O. Karim and 8 more

Introduction Clinical trials of COVID-19 vaccines were insufficient to detect uncommon adverse outcomes that are crucial for risk-benefit analyses and informing clinical practice post-vaccination. As a result, detection of infrequent adverse events has become a global research priority. The current study aims to…

2023 1,368 reads 1 citation

doi:10.58742/bmj.v1i2.25

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Mitigating the Burden of Meningitis Outbreak; ChatGPT and Google Bard Recommendations for the General Populations: General Practitioners and Pediatricians

Ameer M. Salih, Bilal A. Mohammed, Karzan M. Hasan, Fattah H. Fattah, Zana B. Najmadden, Fahmi H. Kakamad, Soran M. Ahmed, Honar Othman Kareem and 3 more

Introduction ChatGPT and Bard are large language models, both are artificial intelligence designed to understand natural language and generate human-like responses to text-based inputs. The aim of this study is to assess the ChatGPT and Bard Recommendations for the general populations; general practitioners and…

2023 1,554 reads 4 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v1i2.32

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Carcinoma in Situ Raised from Fibroadenoma: A Case Series of a Rare Combination

Abdulwahid M. Salih, Lana R.A. Pshtiwan, Ari M. Abdullah, Aras J. Qaradakhy, Fahmi H. Kakamad, Halkawt Omer Ali, Karzan M. Salih, Hawbash M. Rahim and 3 more

Abstract Introduction Fibroadenomas are the most frequent cause of palpable breast lumps in young women. Although it’s a benign lesion, malignancy can occur in extremely rare cases; this risk is higher in complex fibroadenomas and in patients with a family history of the disease. The aim of the current study is to…

2023 901 reads 0 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v1i2.28

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Redo Thyroidectomy Modified Technique to Eliminate Complications: A Cohort Study

Hiwa O. Baba, Aso S. Muhialdeen, Abdulwahid M. Salih, Yadgar A. Saeed, Ismael Y. Abdullah, Aras J. Qaradakhy, Karzan M. Salih, Soran H. Tahir and 4 more

Introduction Reoperation is the most challenging task in thyroid surgery because of the high risk of complications. This study aims to demonstrate the efficacy of a modified thyroidectomy technique in decreasing associated complications to almost zero in recurrent thyroidectomy. Methods This single-group cohort study…

2023 1,017 reads 3 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v1i2.27

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May-Thurner Syndrome as The Presenting Symptoms of Behcet’s Disease: A Rare Case Report

Shorsh A. Mohammed, Fahmi H. Kakamad, Soran H. Tahir, Marwan N. Hassan, Miran Najmadden Hassan, Berun A. Abdalla, Dahat A. Hussein, Sasan M. Ahmed

Introduction May-Thurner syndrome as a presenting symptom of Behcet’s disease is rare in the literature. The aim of the current study is to report a rare case of Behcet's disease which has been presented with May-Thurner syndrome. Case presentation A 26-year-old woman presented with left leg pain for a one-year…

2023 645 reads 4 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v1i1.17

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Borderline Personality Disorder: A Psycho-Analytic Perspective

Yadgar N. Abbas, Jaafar O. Ahmed, Dahat A. Hussein, Fakhir H. Abdullah, Rawezh Q. Salih, Shvan H. Mohammed, Berun A. Abdalla, Fahmi H. Kakamad

Introduction Borderline personality disorder is one of the most common personality disorders and it is associated with functional impairments. This article clarifies the use of psychodynamic formulations in understanding an 18-year-old lady diagnosed with Borderline personality disorder. Case presentation An…

2023 1,860 reads 0 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v1i1.13

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Uniport Versus Multiport Video Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS): Comparisons and outcomes: A Review Article

Pavel M. Kareem, Sanna O. Karim, Hawar A. Sofi, Fuad Emad Fuad, Suhaib H. Kakamad, Hiwa O. Abdullah, Berun A. Abdalla, Shavn M. Hussein and 4 more

There are contr oversies regarding the number of ports in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). The aim of this review is to compare the outcomes of multiport VATS and uniport VATS in form of postoperative pain, hospital stay, the volume of blood loss, duration of operation, duration of postoperative drainage…

2023 1,046 reads 3 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v1i1.15

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Kscien’s List; A New Strategy to Discourage Predatory Journals and Publishers (Second Version)

Aso S. Muhialdeen, Jaafar Omer Ahmed, Hiwa O. Baba, Ismael Y. Abdullah, Hemn Ali Hassan, Kayhan A. Najar, Tomas M. Mikael, Mohammed Q. Mustafa and 19 more

Kscien’s list is currently the most up-to-date blacklist. The current study aims to add some additional properties to the first version of Kscien’s list in order to recognize predatory publications more appropriately. Kscien has developed two other independent lists besides the four previous ones under the titles…

2023 2,065 reads 51 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v1i1.14

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A Comprehensive Study of Pericardial Hydatid Cyst: Systematic Review and Meta-Data Presentation

Hiwa O. Abdullah, Berun A. Abdalla, Dana H. Mohammed-Saeed, Soran H. Tahir, Fattah H. Fattah, Sabah J. Hassan, Hussein M. Hamasalih, Bnar J. Hama Amin and 4 more

Introduction Pericardial hydatid cysts constitute 7% of all cases of cardiac hydatidosis, yet their occurrence is often associated with several life-threatening complications. This study presents a systematic review of reported cases of pericardial hydatid cysts. Methods A systematic review of published studies on…

2023 1,881 reads 5 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v1i1.12

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Hydatid Cyst in the Pulmonary Artery: A Systematic Review

Dlsoz M. Hussein, Fahmi H. Kakamad, Bnar J. Hama Amin, Dana H. Baqi, Soran H. Tahir, Abdulwahid M. Salih, Razhan K. Ali, Fattah H. Fattah and 5 more

Introduction It is uncommon to have a hydatid cyst in the pulmonary artery. Typically, it results from an intracardiac cyst or a surgical cyst rupturing from a hepatic origin. The objective of this systematic review is to describe this rare disease. Methods The electronic search engine and database "Google Scholar"…

2023 1,048 reads 3 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v1i1.11

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Trial of Pilonidal Sinus Disease Induction in a Rat Model: An Animal Experimental Study

Abdulwahid M. Salih, Hawbash M. Rahim, Berun A. Abdalla, Fahmi H. Kakamad, Usra A. Mhamad, Gasha S. Ahmed, Hiwa O. Abdulla, Han Aube and 5 more

Introduction Pilonidal sinus disease is a common suppurative perianal condition. The aim of this trial is to create an animal model of pilonidal sinus disease to study and compare the mechanism of action of numerous medications. Methods Ten adult Sprague-Dawley rats were enrolled in the study. They were separately…

2023 895 reads 2 citations

doi:10.58742/bmj.v1i1.9

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