Abdulwahid M. Salih, Hiwa O. Baba, Ari M. Abdullah, Rebaz O. Mohammed, Mariwan L. Fattah, Imad J. Habibullah, Sarwat T. San Ahmed, Hawbir A. Muhammed and 6 more
Introduction Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a rare, biphasic malignant tumor affecting the salivary glands. It represents less than 1% of all salivary gland tumors. This study aims to present a single-center experience regarding the diagnosis, management, and prognosis of EMC. Methods This study was…
Epithelial-Myoepithelial Carcinoma of Salivary Glands: A Tertiary Center Experience
Abdulwahid M. Salih, Hiwa O. Baba, Ari M. Abdullah, Rebaz O. Mohammed, Mariwan L. Fattah, Imad J. Habibullah, Sarwat T. San Ahmed, Hawbir A. Muhammed and 6 more
IntroductionEpithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) is a rare, biphasic malignant tumor affecting the salivary glands. It represents less than 1% of all salivary gland tumors. This study aims to present a single-center experience regarding the diagnosis, management, and prognosis of EMC.
MethodsThis study was conducted between February 2020 and December 2025. Patients with a histopathologically confirmed diagnosis of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma were identified. Complete medical records containing demographics, clinical presentation, imaging results, histological features, treatment approaches, and follow-up results were included in the cases.
ResultsFive patients were identified, of which 4 (80%) were females. The mean age was 56 ± 9.38 years. Two patients (40%) presented with painless post-auricular swelling, 1 (20%) with submandibular swelling, and 2 (40%) were incidental findings. Histopathological examination confirmed EMC in all cases. Free margins were achieved in 3 tumors (60%). No recurrence was observed during a mean follow-up of 24 ± 28.92 months.
ConclusionEpithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma is a very rare tumor. It requires histopathological evaluation for accurate diagnosis, and complete surgical excision offers favorable short-term outcomes. Further studies are needed to better define its clinical characteristics and outcomes.
Abdulwahid M. Salih, Rebaz M. Ali, Ari M. Abdullah, Aras J. Qaradakhy, Ahmed H. Ahmed, Imad J. Habibullah, Sarwat T. San Ahmed, Mariwan L. Fatah and 4 more
Introduction Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA) is a rare malignant salivary gland tumor that can lead to severe complications and carries a risk of distant metastasis. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of CXPA through a case series and a review of the literature. Methods This was a…
Carcinoma ex Pleomorphic Adenoma: A Case Series and Literature Review
Abdulwahid M. Salih, Rebaz M. Ali, Ari M. Abdullah, Aras J. Qaradakhy, Ahmed H. Ahmed, Imad J. Habibullah, Sarwat T. San Ahmed, Mariwan L. Fatah and 4 more
IntroductionCarcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CXPA) is a rare malignant salivary gland tumor that can lead to severe complications and carries a risk of distant metastasis. This study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of CXPA through a case series and a review of the literature.
MethodsThis was a single-center retrospective case series. The patients were included from November 2018 to December 2024. All confirmed cases of CXPA that were diagnosed and managed with complete clinical data were included in this study. Cases with incomplete data were excluded.
ResultsSix patients were included, with ages ranging from 45 to 88 years (mean ± SD: 64 ± 15.36; median: 62). Most were male (66.7%), with an even distribution of occupations. All presented with preauricular swelling lasting 2 to 10 years, and three had left-sided tumors. Fine needle aspiration identified 33.3% as benign and 16.7% as malignant. Ultrasound examination showed solid tumors in four cases, three of which were well-defined. Three (50%) underwent total parotidectomy, and three (50%) underwent superficial parotidectomy. Histopathological examination revealed adenocarcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma in 50% and squamous cell carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma in 16.7%. Tumor sizes ranged from 3.5 to 6 cm (mean: 4.73 ± 1.24 cm). Capsular invasion was present in all cases, with lymph node involvement in 33.3%, lympho-vascular invasion in 16.7%, and perineural invasion in 50%. Adjuvant therapy included radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy.
ConclusionAlthough CXPA is very rare, it is a serious condition; surgical approach with or without adjuvant therapy may result in preferable outcomes.
Fahmi H. Kakamad, Dilan S. Hiwa, Aland S. Abdullah, Hiwa O. Baba, Aso S. Muhialdeen, Sarwat T. San Ahmed, Mariwan L. Fatah, Rezheen J. Rashid and 2 more
Introduction Thoracic duct cysts are an uncommon phenomenon, especially within the cervical region. Due to its limited reported cases, very little is known about its etiology, presentation, and management. This systematic review is conducted to shed light on the ways the cyst presents and the outcomes of different…
Presentation and Management of Cervical Thoracic Duct Cyst: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Fahmi H. Kakamad, Dilan S. Hiwa, Aland S. Abdullah, Hiwa O. Baba, Aso S. Muhialdeen, Sarwat T. San Ahmed, Mariwan L. Fatah, Rezheen J. Rashid and 2 more
IntroductionThoracic duct cysts are an uncommon phenomenon, especially within the cervical region. Due to its limited reported cases, very little is known about its etiology, presentation, and management. This systematic review is conducted to shed light on the ways the cyst presents and the outcomes of different treatment regimens.
MethodsThe EMBASE, CINAHL, PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were thoroughly screened to identify any studies published in English up to March 24th, 2024.
ResultsThe average age of the patients was 47.8 years, with 9 (56.3%) females in the study population. The mean size of the cysts was 5.99 cm, and the most common symptom was pain, present in 5 (31.3%) patients. The most common management approach chosen for 6 (37.5%) patients was simple follow-up and observation, followed by surgical excision in 5 (31.3%) patients.
ConclusionPatients with thoracic duct cervical cysts may be asymptomatic or present with pain. Both surgical excision and conservative management may yield satisfactory outcomes.
