Barw Barw Medical Journal 2960-1959 2024 03 10 Presentation and Management of Thyroid Hydatid Cyst: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of the Literature 10.58742/mp68zz49 eng Abdullah A. Qadir College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. abdullah.qadir@gmail.com Ismael Y. Abdullah Kalar General Hospital, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. ismael.abdullah@gmail.com Muhammed Bag A. Ali Smart Health Tower/Raparin, Karux Street, Rania, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq . muhammed.ali@gmail.com Rebaz O. Mohammed Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. rebaz.ali12@gmail.com Hardi M. Dhair Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. hardi.dhahir@gmail.com Yadgar A. Saeed Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. yadgar.saeed@gmail.com Aso S. Muhialdeen Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. aso.muhialdeen@gmail.com Honar Othman Kareem Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. honar.kareem@gmail.com Aras J. Qaradakhy Department of Radiology, Shorsh Teaching Hospital, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. aras.qaradakhy@gmail.com Sasan M. Ahmed Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. sasan0751@gmail.com Shaho F. Ahmed Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. shahomedi8@gmail.com Hiwa O. Baba Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. Hiwa.baba@gmail.com Ari M. Abdullah Department of Pathology, Sulaymaniyah Teaching Hospital, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. ariabdullah1978@gmail.com Abdulwahid M. Salih College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. Abdulwahid.Salih@gmail.com Fahmi H. Kakamad College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. fahmi.hussein@univsul.edu.iq Berun A. Abdalla Department of Biology, College of Education, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. berun.anwer95@gmail.com 2024 02 05 Introduction Hydatid cysts of the thyroid gland, though rare, pose a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. This systematic review summarizes current knowledge on the presentation, diagnosis, and management. Methods A systematic review of the published studies of thyroid hydatid cysts was conducted. The included studies of thyroid hydatid cysts had the following properties: 1) The thyroid infection was confirmed by diagnostic modalities, surgical findings, or histopathology. 2) The case presentation was provided in the study. 3) The cyst(s) were originally located or adhered to the thyroid and did not rupture into it from the other adjacent structures or organs. Results Overall, 39 studies were compatible with the inclusion criteria. Turkey had the highest case occurrence (36%). Female predominance (59%) and a mean age of 38.33 years were observed. Mass (79.5%) was the most common symptom, followed by hoarseness of voice (4%). Serology (18.75% positive) and ultrasound (77.5%) were primarily used for diagnosis. Surgery was the mainstay of treatment (96%), with total thyroidectomy (32.6%) and left hemithyroidectomy (16%) being the most common approaches. No recurrence was reported in the follow-up period (0%). Conclusion This review highlights the rarity, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and successful surgical management of thyroid hydatid cysts. Further research is needed to optimize diagnostic methods and explore alternative treatment options.