Barw Barw Medical Journal 2960-1959 2023 12 05 Role of Durvalumab (Anti-PD-L1) in the Management of Mesothelioma: A Systematic Review of the Current Literature 10.58742/peq00z60 eng Sami S. Omar Rizgary Oncology Center, Peshawa Qazi Street, Erbil, Kurdistan, Iraq. sami96@gmail.com Rebaz Haji Ali Hiwa Cancer Hospital. Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. rebaz.ali12@gmail.com Shalaw H. Abdullah Hiwa Cancer Hospital. Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. shalaw.abdalla@gmail.com Dlsoz M. Hussein Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. dlsoz.hussein@gmail.com Belan Mikaeil M. Radha College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. belan.radha@gmail.com Alaa B. Latif College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. alaa.ali@gmail.com Shano M. Ali Hiwa Cancer Hospital. Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. shano.ali@gmail.com Dilan S. Hiwa Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. dilan.sarmad.hiwa@gmail.com Harem K. Ahmed Department of Medicine, Shar Teaching Hospital, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. harem.ahmed@gmail.com Ahmed G. Hamasaeed Faculty of Medical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. ahmed.saeed@gmail.com Snur Othman Maternity and Children Hospital, Halabja, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. Snur.othman@gmail.com Shevan M. Mustafa Department of Forensic Sciences, College of science, Al-Kitab University, Kirkuk, Iraq. shevan.mustafa@gmail.com Diyar A. Omar Medical Laboratory Technology, Shaqlawa Technical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, Iraq. diyar.omar@gmail.com Dahat A. Hussein Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. dahat.hussein@gmail.com Suhaib H. Kakamd Collage of Medicine, Department of Immunology and Hematology. Kurdistan University of Medical Science, Sanandaj, Iran. suhaib.kakamad@gmail.com Marwan N. Hassan Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. marwan.nasih12@gmail.com Hawbash M. Rahim Medical Laboratory Science Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. hawbash.mhamad96@gmail.com Berun A. Abdalla Department of Biology, College of Education, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. berun.anwer95@gmail.com Fahmi H. kakamad College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan, Iraq. fahmi.hussein@univsul.edu.iq 2023 10 25 Abstract Introduction Mesothelioma is a rare and rapidly advancing tumor that usually emerges on the mesothelial surfaces of the pleura or peritoneum. Despite being a well-recognized rare disease for decades, the only approved primary treatment protocol has been platinum-based treatments plus pemetrexed, whether or not bevacizumab is administered. Immunotherapy-based immune checkpoint inhibitors demonstrated a promising antitumor efficacy in a variety of cancer types. This is a systematic review of the current role of durvalumab in the management of this condition. Methods A systematic search was carried out through the databases and search engines. Regardless of study design, line of therapy, mode of therapy, or Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, studies that primarily focused on the outcomes of treating this disease with durvalumab were eligible for inclusion. After the initial and full-text screenings, five studies were reviewed. Results The median age of the total 235 patients was 66.9 years. Males comprised 174 (74.04%) of the cases, with 61 (25.95%) cases being female. The Epithelioid mesothelioma subtype accounted for 194 (82.55%) of the patients. Durvalumab, in combination with pemetrexed cisplatin/carboplatin as therapy, was used in 109 (48.38%) cases. Durvalumab and tremelimumab were used in the treatment of 40 (17.02%) cases, of which 17 (7.23%) had retreatment with both immunotherapies. Among the patients who underwent durvalumab treatment, 69 (29.36% ) of the individuals previously received carboplatin/pemetrexed and cisplatin/pemetrexed. Conclusion Durvalumab can be utilized as an effective alternative for malignant pleural mesothelioma treatment, providing positive results and acceptable safety profiles.