Barw Barw Medical Journal 2960-1959 3 2 2025 02 20 Primary Thyroid Non-Hodgkin B-Cell Lymphoma: A Case Series 10.58742/bmj.v3i2.172 eng Abdulwahid M. Salih Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. abdulwahd.salih@gmail.com Aras J. Qaradakhy Department of Radiology, Shorsh Teaching Hospital, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. aras.qaradakhy@gmail.com Shaho F. Ahmed Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. shahomedi872@gmail.com Rebaz M. Ali Department of Oncology, Hiwa Cancer Hospital, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. rebaz.ali12@gmail.com Hiwa O. Baba Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. hiwa.baba34@gmail.com Ari M. Abdullah Department of Pathology, Sulaymaniyah Teaching Hospital, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. ariabdullah1978@gmail.com Imad J. Habibullah Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. imad23@gmail.com Dana O. Kareem Department of Hematology, Hiwa Cancer Hospital, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. dana.kareem@gmail.com Shko H. Hassan Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. shko.hassan198@gmail.com Ayman M. Mustafa Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. aymanmajid75@gmail.com Harun Amanj Ahmed Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. Harun.amanj@gmail.com Abdullah A. Qadir Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. rebaz.mohammed@gmail.com Rebaz O. Mohammed Scientific Affairs Department, Smart Health Tower, Madam Mitterrand Street, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq. rebaz@gmail.com 2025 01 18 Abstract Introduction Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) of the thyroid, a rare malignancy linked to autoimmune disorders, is poorly understood in terms of its pathogenesis and treatment outcomes. This study aims to review a single-center experience in managing primary thyroid non-Hodgkin B-cell lymphoma cases.  Methods This retrospective case series was conducted at a single center from January 2020 to November 2024, including patients diagnosed with B-cell NHL of the thyroid who underwent surgical intervention. Data, including clinical, demographic, laboratory, and imaging information, were extracted from medical records. Diagnostic procedures involved core needle or surgical biopsy with immunohistochemistry analysis. Treatment included excisional biopsy, thyroidectomy, lobectomy, and chemotherapy. Quantitative data is presented as means and standard deviations, and qualitative data as frequencies and percentages. Results Among nine NHL cases, seven (77.8%) were female, with a mean age of 60.78 ± 12.53 years. Anterior neck swelling was the most common presentation in 6(66.7%) cases. Seven patients (77.8%) received R-CHOP chemotherapy; histopathology confirmed B-cell lymphoma in eight cases (88.9%). Thyroid function was euthyroid in four cases (44.4%), hypothyroid in three (33.3%), and hyperthyroid in one (11.1%). TI-RADS (Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data Systems) classification showed five cases (55.6%) as TI-RADS 5. Follow-up revealed no recurrence in four cases (44.4%), and two deaths (22.2%). Conclusion Primary thyroid NHL is a rare condition requiring early diagnosis and personalized treatment. The variability in treatment responses highlights the need for individualized approaches to optimize patient outcomes.